The years from 1-12 are the key ones when it comes to the development and mechanics of the 26 muscles of the foot, including the spring like muscles and tendons that make up the foot arch. If you dont believe me, go to Kenya. After this I think there is a limit to the amount of spring you can generate from the foot arch. As soon as you encapusulate and cushion your foot for all these early years the mechanics are pretty much set and this foot arch in particular becomes rigid.
Based on this please dont take the barefoot thing too literally and waste all your hard earned pennies on the rip off minimal trainer industry.